Exploring the Impact of Sustainable Agriculture Practices on Food Security in Nigeria
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Background of the Study
Sustainable agriculture practices aim to balance the need for food production with environmental conservation and long-term resource management. In Nigeria, where agriculture is vulnerable to soil degradation, deforestation, and climate change, the promotion of sustainable practices has become a key policy focus between 2023 and 2025 (Okafor, 2023). Techniques such as conservation agriculture, organic farming, integrated pest management, and agroforestry are being introduced to improve soil fertility, conserve water, and enhance biodiversity. The theoretical framework is based on sustainability principles that advocate for practices that meet current food needs without compromising future generations. Empirical research in various developing regions has shown that sustainable agriculture can improve productivity over the long term, enhance food security, and reduce environmental degradation (Afolabi, 2024). However, adoption rates remain low due to barriers such as limited access to knowledge, high initial costs, and resistance to change among traditional farmers. This study explores the impact of sustainable agricultural practices on food security by evaluating yield stability, nutritional outcomes, and household food availability. It further examines the challenges to adoption and the role of government policies and extension services in promoting sustainability.
Statement of the Problem
Despite the clear benefits of sustainable agriculture, many Nigerian farmers continue to rely on conventional, resource-depleting practices, thereby compromising food security (Ibrahim, 2024). The primary problem is that the transition to sustainable methods is hindered by high upfront costs, lack of technical know-how, and limited access to support services. Consequently, the potential improvements in soil health, crop resilience, and long-term productivity are not fully realized. This results in periodic food shortages, increased production costs, and environmental degradation, which together undermine food security. Furthermore, the limited adoption of sustainable practices exacerbates the vulnerability of rural communities to climate shocks. This study aims to investigate the factors that impede the adoption of sustainable agriculture and to assess their impact on food security, with the goal of identifying strategies to promote a more sustainable and secure food system in Nigeria.
Objectives of the Study
- To evaluate the impact of sustainable agriculture practices on food security in Nigeria.
- To identify barriers that limit the adoption of sustainable farming methods.
- To propose policy measures and support systems to enhance sustainable agriculture adoption.
Research Questions
- How do sustainable agriculture practices affect food security in Nigeria?
- What are the main obstacles to adopting sustainable farming methods?
- Which policy interventions can promote greater uptake of sustainable practices?
Research Hypotheses
- H1: Sustainable agriculture practices significantly improve food security by stabilizing yields.
- H2: High costs and limited technical support hinder the adoption of sustainable practices.
- H3: Increased government incentives and extension services boost sustainable agriculture adoption.
Scope and Limitations of the Study
This study focuses on sustainable agricultural practices in Nigeria from 2023 to 2025, using field surveys, yield data, and food security indicators. Limitations include regional differences in climate and farm practices, as well as potential measurement challenges.
Definitions of Terms
– Sustainable Agriculture: Farming practices that maintain productivity while conserving environmental resources.
– Food Security: Ensuring a stable, sufficient, and nutritious food supply for all.
– Conservation Agriculture: Techniques that promote minimal soil disturbance and permanent soil cover.
– Agroforestry: Integrating trees with crop and livestock systems.
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